Wednesday, November 21, 2018

Let's learn about car air condition compressor

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TBB Learning Programme
--Car Air-Conditioning Compressor

Much like a heart in a human body, the compressor circulates the system’s lifeblood, in this case the refrigerant, that is vital to the proper operation of the air conditioning (A/C) system.
The world-leaders of car air-conditioning compressors, such as Toyota Motor Corporation, Daimler AG, General Motors Company (GM), Volkswagen AG and Hyundai Motor Company.
 
Car Air-Conditioning Mechanisms
 
Liquid (refrigerant) is cycled throughout a sealed air conditioning system in a repeated process of vaporization (evaporation), liquefaction, and re-vaporization. It is necessary for a gas to give off heat to liquefy (condense). If the refrigerant gas is pressurized, and the pressure is increased, it becomes comparatively easier to liquefy.
 
 
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The Cooling Principle
Air conditioners work on the principle that "liquids absorb heat when they become a gas (evaporate)." For example, when alcohol is rubbed on the skin, it feels cool. This is because the alcohol absorbs heat from its surroundings when it evaporates. It is well known that heat is necessary to change a liquid to a gas. Heat is absorbed from the area in contact with the liquid, thereby cooling it. This extremely simple principle is the basis for cooling systems, such as air conditioners and refrigerators.
 
Refrigerant
Refrigerant is a substance that carries out the "transfer of heat process" by cycling through the air conditioning system and absorbing heat when becoming a gas, and giving off heat when becoming a liquid.
 
Major Structural Components of a Car Air Conditioner

TYPES OF COMPRESSOR

 
1, Swash Plate Type (Fixed Displacement)

This piston is constructed from the components shown in the illustration.
The pistons move back and forth when power from the engine causes the shaft and swash plate to rotate. One piston is comprised of cylinders on both sides. The ends of the piston intake pressurize and discharge refrigerant.
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2, Vane Type (Fixed Displacement)

This compressor is constructed from cylinders and five vanes built into the rotors, as well as two discharge valves and front and back side plates.
The five vanes rotate in tandem with the rotors while contacting the wall inside the cylinder.
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3, Scroll Type (Fixed Displacement)

This compressor is constructed from one fixed and one rotating scroll in an offset spiral configuration. Shaft rotation creates spaces of varying volume between the 2 scrolls, causing refrigerant to be sucked in and compressed.

4, One-Way Swash Plate Type (Variable Displacement)
The illustration shows the construction of this compressor. Refrigerant intake and compression methods are almost the same as those for the fixed displacement swash plate compressor. Unlike the fixed displacement type, however, there is only one cylinder.
Next Episode: TBB Case Study on Air Compressor Bearing! We will show you some typical types of air compressor bearings and their applications.
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